Water-based quenching composition comprising polyvinylpyrrolidone and method of quenching

ABSTRACT

A method of quenching metals utilizing a special water base quenching composition which includes a unique quenching additive polymer.

United States Patent Meszaros Sept. 2, 1975 WATER-BASED QUENCHING [56]References Cited COMPOSITION COMPRISING UNITED S S P TPOLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE AND METHOD 2,600,290 6/1952 Comeil 148/18 0FQUENCHIN 2,770,564 11 1956 Gordon 148/18 3,224,910 12/1965 McEwen148/143 [75 1 Inventor z George Meszams wmdsor 3,269,946 8/1966 Wiese252/74 a 3,378,494 4/1968 Berger 252 77 [73] Assignee; Park ChemicalCompany, Detroit, 3,553,285 l/1971 Vemaleken et al. 260/80.73 Mich3,666,404 5 1972 Hwa et al 252 75 [22] Filed: 1974 PrimaryExaminer-Walter R. Satterfield [2]] Appl. No.: 438,937 Attorney, Agent,or Firm--Harness, Dickey & Pierce 52 us. c1. 148/28; 148/29; 252/74;[57] ABSTRACT 2 77 A method of quenching metals utilizing a special [51]Int. Cl. B23K 35/24 water base quenching composition which includes a[58] Field Of Search 148/27, 28, 29, 18, 20.6, unique quenching additivepolymer,

13 Claims, No Drawings WATER-BASED QUENCIIING COMPOSITION COMPRISINGPOLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE AND METHOD OF QUENCHING BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONThis invention broadly relates to a new method of quenching metals ormetal like materials.

The state of the art is indicated by Chase et al, U.S. Pat. No.3,022,205; Blackwood et al, U.S. Pat No. 3,220,893; Lewis et al, U.S.Pat. No. 3,475,232; Corneil, U.S. Pat. No. 2,600,290; and, Gordon, U.S.Pat. No. 2,770,564. The disclosures of each of said patents is herebyincorporated herein by reference.

The object of this invention is to provide a new method of quenchingmetals utilizing special water base quenching composition.

Another object of this invention is to provide a new method of quenchingmetals wherein a special water soluble quenching additive is utilized.

Another object of this invention is to provide a new water basequenching medium which will stay in the form of a liquid yet will notform more than a very thin solid film on the parts being quenched afterthe water has evaporated.

Also another object of the invention is to provide a method of quenchingwherein smooth cooling curves (time versus temperature) are obtained atthe various levels of quenchant concentration, whereas this has not beenpossible with prior polyvinyl alcohol quenching mediums.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a new quenchingmethod wherein highly satisfactory quenching characteristics such ashardening, low drag out, and the avoidance of undersirable filmformation are provided.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention willbecome apparent from the subsequent description and the appended claims.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Briefly stated the present invention concerns amethod of quenching metals or metal like materials wherein the metal isimmersed in a water base quenching composition comprising in weightpercent, (a) about 1 percent to about 13 percent of the polymer CH /C=ON l CH- CH n wherein said polymer has an average molecular weightbetween about 5,000 and about 400,000, (b) zero to about 5 percent ofrust inhibitor material for preventing rust on said metals, (c) zero toabout 3 percent of bacteriocidal material for preventing bacteriadevelopment in the composition, ((1) and the balance water.

Of unique importance in the above quenching medium is the specialadditive polymer referred to as component (a) above. The quenchingmechanism in accordance with the invention discovered and disclosedherein appears to offer unique advantages over other prior water basequenching techniques. In accordance with the invention herein there is asignificant advantage of maximizing quenching rates in the upper (vapor)stage in various quenchings while achieving a slower quenching rate inthe lower stage.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred formulation for use asthe quenching composition herein is as follows:

by weight l water 83.95

(2) paraformaldehyde (bacteriocidal agent and preservative) 0.05

(3) Borax (rust inhibiting agent) 0.80

(4) sodium nitrite (rust inhibiting agent) 0.20

(5) polymer having an average molecular weight 160,000 at 45% solutionin water, GAF Corp. product K-60 In order to prepare the quenching bath,approximately a 1/3 quantity of item (1) above is transferred into anoil heated mixer apparatus and the temperature is then brought to aboutF. Items, (2), (3), and (4) are then added and mixed until all thesolids are dissolved and a clear solution is obtained and then heatingis discontinued. Then the remainder of item (1) is added and then item(5) is added and mixed until the makeup is clear and uniform insolution. This product is then placed in a rust proof container bydrawing it through a 40 mesh screen.

The polymer used herein as referred to in sub paragraph (a) above shouldbe a water soluble polymer of a C -C olefin with an unsaturated cycliccarbon, nitrogen and oxygen containing side group. The polymer shouldhave a molecular weight within the range of about 5,000 to about400,000. Preferably this average molecular weight should be within therange of about 50,000 to about 360,000 and best results are obtainedwith an average molecular weight between about 100,000 and 200,000.Particularly suitable results are obtained in accordance with theinvention using a polymer of polyvinylpyrrolidone. The polymer should bepresent in an amount from about 1 to about 13 percent by weight of thequenching composition. Preferably this polymer should be present fromabout 2 to about 8 percent by weight of the composition.

The rust inhibiting agent used herein may be selected from a number ofrust inhibiting materials such as Borax or sodium nitrite. Other rustinhibiting agents may be used. The rust inhibiting agent should bepresent in the compostion up to a level of about 5 percent by weightthereof. Preferably it should be present within the range of about 0.005up to about 5 percent.

The bacteriocidal agent used in the invention should be present in anamount up to about 3 percent by weight of the composition. Preferablythis bacteriocidal material should be present within the range of about0.001 up to about 3 percent. The preferred bacteriocidal material usedherein is paraformaldehyde. Other bacteriocidal materials may also beused.

The quenching medium herein may also optionally include a minor amountof at least one water soluble material selected from the groupconsisting of polyvinyl alcohol, a polyoxyalkylene polymer, or acellulosic polymer. Generally this minor amount should be less thanpercent by weight of the composition.

In order to further illustrate the invention the following examples areprovided. It is to be understood, however, that the examples areincluded for illustrative purposes and are not intended to be limitingthe scope of the invention as set forth in the subjoined claims.

% by weight Ex. paraformsodium No. Water aldehyde Borax nitrile polymer*1 balance GAF K-30 to 100% 0.1% 2.0% 2% 2 1.2% 0.1% GAF K-l5 4% 3 1.5%0.009% 0.006% GAF K-60 4 GAF K-90 slated us '71 of polymer solids merCIH CH CH C=O CH CH n wherein said polymer has an average molecularweight between about 5,000 and about 400,000,

b. zero to about 5 percent of rust inhibitor material different thansaid (a) component for preventing rust on said metals,

c. zero to about 3 percent of bacteriacidal material for preventingbacteria development in the composition,

d. and the balance water.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein,

said polymer has an average molecular weight of about 50,000 to about360,000.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein,

said polymer has an average molecular weight of about 100,000 to about200,000.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein,

component (b) is present in an amount of at least about 0.005 percent.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein,

component (c) is present in an amount of at least about 0.001 percent.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein,

component (a) is present from about 2 percent to about 8 percent.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein,

said composition also includes a minor amount of at least one watersoluble material selected from the group consisting of polyvinylalcohol, a polyoxyalkylene polymer, or a cellulosic polymer.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein,

said minor amount is less than 5 percent.

9. A method of quenching metals or metal like materials, comprisingimmersing said metals in a water based quenching composition consistingessentially of in weight percent,

a. about 1 percent to about 13 percent of a water soluble polymer of a CC olefin with an unsaturated cyclic carbon, nitrogen and oxygencontaining side group, wherein said polymer has an average molecularweight between about 5,000 and about 400,000,

b. zero to about 5 percent of rust inhibitor material different thansaid (a) component for preventing rust on said metals,

0. zero to about 3 percent bacteriacidal material for preventingbacteria development in the composition,

cl. and the balance water.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein,

said component (a) is a polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer.

1 l. A water based quenching composition, consisting essentially of a. aspecial quenching additive therein of about 1 percent to about 13percent by weight of a water soluble polymer of a C C olefin with anunsaturated cyclic earbon, nitrogen and oxygen containing side group,wherein said polymer has an average molecular weight between about 5,000and about 400,000,

b. about 0.005 percent to about 5 percent of rust inhibitor materialdifferent than said (a) component for preventing rust on said metals c.about 0.001 percent to about 3 percent of bacteriacidal material forpreventing bacteria development in the composition,

d. and the balance water.

12. The composition of claim 1 1 wherein,

said (a) component is a pyrrolidone type polymer.

13. The composition of claim 11 wherein,

said component (a) is a polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION PATENT NO. 3,902,929

DATED September 2, 1975 INVENTOR(S): thony G. Meszaros it is certifiedthat error appears in the above-identified patent and that said LettersPatent 0 are hereby corrected as shown beiow:

Claim 4, line 5, "Claim 1" should read Claim 6 Signed and Scaled thistwenty-fifth Day Of November 1975 ISEAL] I Attest:

RUTH CJIASON c. MARSHALL DANN Arresting Officer Commissioner ufParentsand Trademarks

1. A METHOD OF QUENCHING METALS OR METAL LIKE MATERIALS, COMPRISING IMMERSING SAID METALS IN A WATER BASED QUENCHING COMPOSITION ESSENTIALLY OF IN WEIGHT PERCENT. A. ABOUT 1 PERCENT TO ABOUT 13 PERCENT OF THE POLYMER
 2. The method of claim 1 wherein, said polymer has an average molecular weight of about 50,000 to about 360,000.
 3. The method of claim 1 wherein, said polymer has an average molecular weight of about 100,000 to about 200,000.
 4. The method of claim 1 wherein, component (b) is present in an amount of at least about 0.005 percent.
 5. The method of claim 4 wherein, component (c) is present in an amount of at least about 0.001 percent.
 6. The method of claim 1 wherein, component (a) is present from about 2 percent to about 8 percent.
 7. The method of claim 1 wherein, said composition also includes a minor amount of at least one water soluble material selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, a polyoxyalkylene polymer, or a cellulosic polymer.
 8. The method of claim 7 wherein, said minor amount is less than 5 percent.
 9. A method of quenching metals or metal like materials, comprising immersing said metals in a water based quenching composition consisting essentially of in weight percent, a. about 1 percent to about 13 percent of a water soluble polymer of a C2 - C4 olefin with an unsaturated cyclic carbon, nitrogen and oxygen containing side group, wherein said polymer has an average molecular weight between about 5,000 and about 400,000, b. zero to about 5 percent of rust inhibitor material different than said (a) component for preventing rust on said metals, c. zero to about 3 percent bacteriacidal material for preventing bacteria development in the composition, d. and the balance water.
 10. The method of claim 9 wherein, said component (a) is a polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer.
 11. A water based quenching composition, consisting essentially of a. a special quenching additive therein of about 1 percent to about 13 percent by weight of a water soluble polymer of a C2 -C4 olefin with an unsaturated cyclic carbon, nitrogen and oxygen containing side group, wherein said polymer has an average molecular weight between about 5,000 and about 400,000, b. about 0.005 percent to about 5 percent of rust inhibitor material different than said (a) component for preventing rust on said metals c. about 0.001 percent to about 3 percent of bacteriacidal material for preventing bacteria development in the composition, d. and the balance water.
 12. The composition of claim 11 wherein, said (a) component is a pyrrolidone type polymer.
 13. The composition of claim 11 wherein, said component (a) is a polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer. 